Authors - Reviews in Urology

Directory of Authors from the Journal and their last article.

Solitary Renal Fossa Recurrence of Renal Cell Carcinoma After Nephrectomy

Treatment Review

Kamran Ahmed Ji-Jian Chow Zahoor Fazili Mohammed Sheikh Martin Sheriff

Renal cell carcinoma without metastasis responds well to surgical excision but is known to recur postnephrectomy. In a small but significant number of patients this recurrence is not accompanied by metastasis, which is important as these people benefit from further surgery. We examined 20 articles from the current literature to ascertain how best to treat this condition. Surgical management renders better results than conservative or medical therapies. Readily available investigations such as blood tests and computed tomography can help determine the right patients for surgery in an evidence-based fashion. Current findings have allowed us to suggest a protocol for the treatment of solitary renal fossa recurrence of postnephrectomy renal cell carcinoma. There are further opportunities for study in validating our protocol, and in novel renal cell carcinoma treatment strategies that have not been tested on solitary renal fossa recurrences. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(2):76-82 doi: 10.3909/riu0598] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Complications Management Renal cancer Recurrence Nephrectomy

Mohcine BendahouView Articles

Volume 13, Number 3 Case Review

Concomitant Sertoli and Leydig Cell Tumor of the Testis: A Case Report

Abdelhak Khallouk Younes Ahallal Mohamed Jamal El Fassi Moulay Hassan Farih Mohamed Fadl Tazi Elmehdi Tazi Hinde Elfatemi Mohcine Bendahou

A rare intratubular gonadal stromal tumor was present in the testis of a 45-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of gradual enlargement of the left testis. Tumoral markers were negative and no extension was observed. The tumor comprised an intratubular mixture of two types of tumor cells with intercellular junctions: the predominant tumor cells were consistent with a Sertoli cell origin and cells comprising the minor population consistent with a Leydig cell origin. The patient is disease free after 6-month follow-up. The case is considered to be a testicular mixed tubular Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor. It highlights a rare type of primary tumor of the testis that features a good prognosis. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(3):173-175 doi:10.3909/riu0495] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

MohdSaleem WaniView Articles

Volume 17, Number 4 Case Review

Effectiveness of Antegrade Access in Bladder Tumors With Inaccessible Urethra

Abdul Rouf Khawaja Tanveer Iqbal Dar Sajad Maik Javaid Magray Ashiq Bhat Arif Hameed Bhat MohdSaleem Wani Baldev Singh Wazir

Inaccessible urethra with no retrograde endoscopic access due to multiple/diffuse strictures or multiple urethrocutaneous fistulas with acute urinary retention due to posturethral instrumentation (transurethral resection of bladder tumor [TURBT], or TURBT with transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP]), is a rare entity. Management of such a case with a bladder tumor for TURBT/surveillance cystoscopy poses a great challenge. The authors present 12 cases of bladder tumor with inaccessible urethra, 10 cases due to multiple strictures (post-TURBT and/or TURP), and 2 cases due to urethrocutaneous fistulas (post-TURBT), who presented to our emergency department with acute urinary retention. Emergent suprapubic catheterization was used as a temporary treatment method. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(4):241-245 doi: 10.3909/riu0677] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Bladder tumors Suprapubic cystostomy Inaccessible urethra Tract seedling

Mohit GuptaView Articles

Volume 22, Number 1 NYU Case of the Month

Management of Men With Lymph Node Metastases Following Radical Prostatectomy: What Is the Optimal Treatment Strategy?

NYU Case of the Month, March 2020

Mohit Gupta

Mohit KheraView Articles

Volume 13, Number 2 Case Review

Malignant Priapism Secondary to Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Yu-Hsiang Lin Jerry J Kim Ned B Stein Mohit Khera

Penile metastasis of cancers from other primary sites is a rare phenomenon that infrequently manifests as malignant priapism. We outline a case of an 84-year-old patient who presented with a 3-month history of painful priapism after radiation therapy for prostate adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent surgical penile exploration and cavernosal biopsy that revealed poorly differentiated cells suggestive of prostate cancer. Postoperative imaging demonstrated extensive regional and distal metastases. A review of the literature on penile metastases returned approximately 400 published cases, with priapism being the initial presentation in 20% to 50% of cases. Regardless of site of origin or subsequent management, most cases have shown very poor prognosis. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(2):90-94 doi: 10.3909/riu0508] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Prostate cancer Malignant priapism Penile metastasis

Mona El-BahrawyView Articles

Volume 13, Number 1 Review Articles

α-Fetoprotein-Producing Non-Germ Cell Tumors of the Urological System

Diagnostic Review

Mona El-Bahrawy

"Elevated serum levels of _ -fetoprotein (AFP), a fetal serum protein, occur mainly in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or germ cell tumors, mainly yolk sac tumor. Rarely, other tumors of the urological system produce AFP. This article reviews the AFP-producing non-germ cell tumors of the urological tract reported to date. These include different types of tumors of the adrenal glands, kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and testis. It is important for pathologists, urologists, and oncologists to be aware of such cases as the diagnosis affects the management plan for the patient. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(1):14-19 doi: 10.3909/riu0506]"

Fetoprotein Germ cell Tumors Urological system

Moulay Hassan FarihView Articles

Volume 10, Number 2 Case Review

Leydig Cell Hyperplasia Revealed by Gynecomastia

Case Review

Mohamed Jamal El Fassi Moulay Hassan Farih Mohamed Fadl Tazi Soufiane Mellas

Leydig cell tumors are rare and represent 1% to 3% of all tumors of the testis. Leydig cell tumors affect males at any age, but there are 2 peak periods of incidence: between 5 and 10 years and between 25 and 35 years. Their main clinical presentation is a testicular mass associated with endocrinal manifestations that are variable according to age and appearance of the tumor. Our patient, a 17-year-old adolescent, presented with an isolated and painless hypertrophy of the right mammary gland. Clinical examination found gynecomastia and no testicular mass. Hormonal levels and tumor markers were normal. Testicular sonography showed an ovular and homogeneous right intratesticular mass 6 mm in diameter. We treated the patient with an inguinal right orchidectomy. The anatomopathological study found a nodule of Leydig cell hyperplasia. The patient recovered without recurrence at 8-month follow-up. The patient opted for mammoplasty 2 months after his orchidectomy rather than wait for the spontaneous gradual regression of his gynecomastia, which requires at least 1 year. Leydig cell hyperplasia manifests in the adult by signs of hypogonadism, most frequently gynecomastia. Although many teams prefer total orchidectomy because of the diagnostic difficulty associated with malignant forms, simple subcapsular orchidectomy should become the first-line treatment, provided it be subsequently followed by close surveillance, as it preserves maximum fertility, and these tumors usually resolve favorably. [Rev Urol. 2008:10(2):164-167]

Fertility Testicular tumor Leydig cell hyperplasia Nonseminomatous germ celltumors Gynecomastia

Mustapha AhsainiView Articles

Volume 13, Number 1 Case Review

Appendiceal Abscess Revealed by Right Renal Colic and Hydronephrosis

Bosniak class IV renal cyst • Radical nephrectomy • Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

Sher Singh Yadav Indraneel Banerjee Vinay Tomar Nachiket Vyas Shyam Talreja

A 20-year-old woman presented to our outpatient clinic with a 5-week history of recurrent right lumbar back pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a Bosniak class IV renal cyst. She was treated with radical nephrectomy. Histopathology revealed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(1):60-63 doi: 10.3909/riu0715] © 2017 MedReviews®, LLC

Radical nephrectomy Bosniak class IV renal cyst Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

Naeem A SoomroView Articles

Volume 15, Number 1 Review Articles

Physiologic and Anesthetic Considerations in Octogenarians Undergoing Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy

Management Review

Nikhil Vasdev Elizabeth Todd Naeem A Soomro

The number of small renal tumors detected is increasing as imaging becomes both more available and advanced, and as the population ages, with a greater proportion of patients in their 80s emerging with small and treatable renal tumors. The technique of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is emerging and becoming ever more popular in some centers, and is potentially a safer alternative for the elderly due to improved postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay with faster return to preoperative activities, and lower rates of morbidity and mortality. We present a systematic review of the physiologic and anesthetic considerations in octogenarians undergoing the procedure, highlighting special considerations and the need for expertise throughout the multidisciplinary team when dealing with these patients, in order to minimize risk and optimize outcome. [ Rev Urol. 2013;15(1):23-31 doi: 10.3909/riu0565] © 2013 MedReviews®, LLC

Renal cell carcinoma Radical nephrectomy Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy Renal tumor Octogenarian

Naji ToumaView Articles

Volume 14, Number 3 Book Reviews

a-Blockers for the Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: An Update on Current Clinical Evidence

Treatment Update

J Curtis Nickel Naji Touma

The pathogenesis of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is multifactorial, making its treatment difficult. Multimodal therapy including a- adrenergic antagonists (a-blockers), anti-inflammatory agents, and other pain treatments may provide optimal management for CP/CPPS. Although a-blockers are the most prescribed drugs for patients with CP/CPPS, not all studies support their efficacy. A recent meta-analysis of small trials suggested that treatment with a-blockers, possibly in combination with antibacterial agents, is efficacious in relieving symptoms. Third-generation a1A blockers (silodosin, tamsulosin) may provide efficacy as well as reduced cardiovascular side effects. Future research should aim to identify potential biomarkers associated with treatment response. [Rev Urol. 2012;14(3/4):56-64 doi: 10.3909/riu0557] © 2013 MedReviews®, LLC

Adrenergic alpha-1 receptor antagonists Tamsulosin Silodosin Alfuzosin Prostatitis

Nand Kishore ArvindView Articles

Volume 13, Number 2 Case Review

Laparoscopic Nephrectomy for Pyonephrosis During Pregnancy: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Onkar Singh Nand Kishore Arvind Shilpi Singh Gupta Surbhi Sahay Kutub Ali Anand Dharaskar

The maternal and fetal complications of pyonephrosis during pregnancy can be devastating, thus the call for urgent but safe intervention. Laparoscopic nephrectomy has been used safely and effectively in nonpregnant patients with pyonephrotic kidney. We report on a case of a 28-year-old pregnant woman with pyonephrotic kidney that we believe to be the first such case managed by transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. A review of the reported cases of laparoscopic nephrectomy for different indications and by different approaches during pregnancy is also presented. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(2):98-103 doi: 10.3909/riu0505] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Laparoscopy Nephrectomy Pregnancy Pyonephrosis

Naoki YoshimuraView Articles

Volume 3, Number 3 Meeting Reviews

Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Research: Progress and Future Directions

NIDDK and ICA International Research Symposium

Michael B Chancellor Naoki Yoshimura

Gene therapy Antiproliferative factor (APF)Epidermal growth factor (EGF)Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF)Herpes simplex virus Interstitial cystitis (IC)IC, in men IC, in children Intravesical peppers Substance P (SP)

Narin SuleymanView Articles

Volume 21, Number 1 Review Articles

Immunotherapy in Urological Tumors

Treatment Review

Nikhil Vasdev Anand Sharma Narin Suleyman Oliver Jones

The past decade has seen significant improvement in our understanding of tumor biological features, which has led to use of anti-programmed-death 1 (PD-1) and anti-PD ligand-1 (PD-L1) agents and cytotoxic T lymphocytes antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors in a multitude of cancers. These immunotherapeutic agents have shown activity in melanoma, lung, head and neck, colorectal, urological, and other cancers. This article details the use of immunotherapy agents in urothelial, renal, prostate, and testicular tumors. [Rev Urol. 2019;21(1):15–20] © 2019 MedReviews®, LLC

Immunotherapy Cytokines urological tumors immune checkpoint inhibitors recombinant BCG cell wall-derived therapies

Natasha GinzburgView Articles

Volume 18, Number 3 Case Review

A Case of Pelvic Organ Prolapse in the Setting of Cirrhotic Ascites

Nima M Shah Natasha Ginzburg Kristene Whitmore

Ascites is commonly found in patients with liver cirrhosis. Although conservative therapy is often the ideal choice of care with these patients who also have symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse, this may fail and surgical methods may be needed. Literature is limited regarding surgical repair of prolapse in the setting of ascites. The authors present the surgical evaluation and management of a 63-year-old woman with recurrent ascites from liver cirrhosis who failed conservative therapy. With adequate multidisciplinary care and medical optimization, this patient underwent surgical therapy with resolution of her symptomatic prolapse and improved quality of life. [Rev Urol. 2016;18(3):178-180 doi: 10.3909/riu0702] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Ascites Cirrhosis Prolapse Colpocleisis

Nathan A WilkenView Articles

Volume 16, Number 3 Review Articles

Management of Erectile Dysfunction in the Hypogonadal Man: A Case-Based Review

Management Review

Jason M Scovell Ranjith Ramasamy Nathan A Wilken Jason R Kovac Larry I Lipshultz

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has emerged as an important marker of cardiovascular and overall health, independent of other known conventional risk factors. ED often precedes coronary artery disease in half of affected subjects, and could indicate the presence of cardiovascular pathology. The pathophysiology and role of androgens in sexual function are described, along with the relevant literature on the effects of aging in erectile and gonadal function. The concept of testosterone supplementation (TST) in men with ED is reviewed. The authors utilize clinical vignettes to discuss the appropriate management of two clinical cases of men at different life stages who have ED in the setting of hypogonadism and propose a treatment algorithm. In patients of all ages, proper identification of the underlying pathophysiology of decreased libido and erectile function is paramount in choosing between the use of TST, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, or both, in the management of these disorders. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(3):105-109 doi: 10.3909/riu0623] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Hypogonadism Erectile dysfunction Testosterone supplementation Phosphodiesterase

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