Review ArticlesManagement of Low-grade Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: An Unmet NeedManagement ReviewJay RamanNeal D ShoreUpper tract urothelial cancers (UTUC) are frequently managed by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), a major operative procedure that may entail short-term morbidity and long-term decline in renal function. Kidney-sparing procedures offer a less invasive alternative to RNU for low-risk, low-grade UTUC (LG-UTUC). They are associated with similar disease-specific survival rates and better long-term renal function, albeit with a potentially increased risk of recurrence. Strategies to decrease LG-UTUC recurrence include improved risk stratification and enhanced endoscopic instrumentation. Chemoablation may represent an alternative, innovative kidney-sparing approach for LG-UTUC. [Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):1–8] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLCRisk stratificationUpper tract urothelial cancerRadical nephroureterectomyNephron-sparing procedureLow-grade tumors
Review ArticlesActive Surveillance for Small Renal MassesManagement ReviewPhillip M PierorazioJoseph G CheaibShagnik RayActive surveillance (AS) is a safe and reasonable management strategy for many patients with small renal masses (SRM) suspicious for a clinical T1a renal cell carcinoma based on excellent metastasis-free and cancer-specific survival. However, the expansion of robotic extirpation of SRM has outpaced the adoption of AS, resulting in the possibility of overtreatment for select patients with SRM, especially the elderly and comorbid. In this review of AS for SRM, with a focus on the Delayed Intervention and Surveillance for Small Renal Masses (DISSRM) Registry, we detail the rationale behind AS, review lessons learned from the past decades of literature, and offer suggestions for appropriate patient selection and follow-up. An improved understanding of the data supporting AS will empower physicians and patients to more comfortably pursue AS to avoid overtreatment and provide individualized care to patients with SRM. [Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):9–16] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLCRenal cell carcinomaSmall renal massActive surveillanceRenal mass biopsyChest imaging
Review ArticlesObesity and Its Impact on Kidney Stone FormationDisease State ReviewBarbara GowerNikhi P SinghCarter J BoydWilliam PooreKyle WoodDean G AssimosThe prevalence of obesity is rising and places this cohort at risk for developing kidney stones. Some of the pathophysiologic responses that link obesity and kidney stone formation have been identified. Herein, we review the involved mechanisms driving this relationship and the impact of various weight loss strategies on kidney stone risk. [Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):17–23] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLCObesityKidney stonesDiabetesMetabolic syndromeHypertensionWeight managementObese animal models
Review ArticlesObesity and Kidney Stone ProceduresManagement ReviewWilliam PooreNikhi P SinghCarter J BoydKyle WoodDean G AssimosObesity is a chronic disease that has increased in prevalence in the United States and is a risk factor for the development of nephrolithiasis. As with other medical conditions, obesity should be considered when optimizing surgical management and choosing kidney stone procedures for patients. In this review, we outline the various procedures available for treating stone disease and discuss any discrepancies in outcomes or complications for the obese cohort. [Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):24–29] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLCPercutaneous nephrolithotomyShockwave lithotripsyObesityUreterorenoscopyRobotic surgeryKidney stonesLaparoscopyOpen surgery
LUGPA NewsBenchmarking—We’ve Come a Long WayRichard Gerald Harris[Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):30–31] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLC
NYU Case of the MonthCaring for the FPMRS Patient of Childbearing AgeNYU Case of the Month, January 2020Dominique Malacarne Pape[Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):32–34] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLC
NYU Case of the MonthNon–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Management During BCG ShortagesNYU Case of the Month, February 2020LaMont J Barlow[Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):35–36] © 2020 MedReviews, LLC
NYU Case of the MonthManagement of Men With Lymph Node Metastases Following Radical Prostatectomy: What Is the Optimal Treatment Strategy?NYU Case of the Month, March 2020Mohit Gupta[Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):37–39] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLC
NYU Case of the MonthPrimary Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Stage IB Nonseminomatous Germ Cell TumorNYU Case of the Month, April 2020Richard S Matulewicz[Rev Urol. 2020;22(1):40–42] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLC