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Urinary incontinenceView Articles
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Volume 16, Number 1Case Review

Metastatic Urethral Melanoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Luiz Ronaldo AlbertiBruno Moraes VasconcelosRafaela Saint-Clair Pimentel Mafra De Oliveira

Melanoma is a cancer that originates from melanocytes, is predominant in adults with white skin, represents 4% of skin cancers, and has high possibility of forming metastasis. This review reports on the case of a young man, age 36 years, previously diagnosed with melanoma. The patient complained of obstructive urinary symptoms and, while he was undergoing a cystoscopy, it was discovered that he had a lesion corresponding with metastatic melanoma of the prostatic urethra, which occluded almost the entire urethra and resulted in blocked urinary flow. He underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate, followed by resection of the lesion. After the procedure, he had good urinary flow and is currently on follow-up. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(1):47-49 doi: 10.3909/riu0584] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

UrethraMetastasisMelanomaUrinary obstructionUrethral melanoma

Urinary oxalate excretionView Articles

Volume 21, Number 2Meeting Reviews

Best of the 2019 AUA Annual Meeting: Highlights From the 2019 American Urological Association Annual Meeting, May 3-6, 2019, Chicago, IL

Benjamin M BruckerDean G AssimosEllen ShapiroAlan W PartinMichael B ChancellorGregory VurtureZeyad R Schwen

[Rev Urol. 2019;21(2/3):109–117] © 2019 MedReviews®, LLC

UrodynamicsFebrile urinary tract infectionUnderactive bladderAutologous muscle-derived cellsFemale sexual dysfunctionPrenatal hydronephrosisCalcium oxalate kidney stoneformationFecal microbiomeUrinary oxalate excretionOpioid utilization and kidney stonesSuper pulse thulium fiber laserPediatric hypospadias repairGut microbiomeOveractive bladder symptomsVibegronMesh-related complicationsAcupunctureRobot-assisted sacrocolpopexy

Urinary proteinsView Articles

Volume 12, Number 3Review Articles

Can Urinary Nerve Growth Factor Be a Biomarker for Overactive Bladder?

Diagnostic Update

Michael B ChancellorHann-Chorng KuoHsin-Tzu Liu

The clinical diagnosis of overactive bladder (OAB) greatly varies and is based on subjective symptoms. A more objective method to diagnose and assess therapeutic outcome in OAB patients, especially for health care providers not trained in urology, needs to be found. Evidence has shown that urinary proteins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and prostaglandin E2 levels increase in patients with OAB, bladder outlet obstruction, and detrusor overactivity. Urinary NGF level increases physiologically in normal subjects at urge to void, but increases pathologically in OAB patients at a small bladder volume and with a sensation of urgency. Recent studies have shown that patients with OAB dry and OAB wet have significantly higher urinary NGF levels compared with control groups and patients with increased bladder sensation. Urinary NGF levels decrease after antimuscarinic therapy and further decrease after detrusor botulinum toxin injections in refractory OAB. Urinary NGF level could be a potential biomarker for diagnosis of OAB and assessment of the therapeutic effect of antimuscarinic therapy. The latest medical advances in this field are reviewed herein. [Rev Urol. 2010;12(2/3):e69-e77 doi: 10.3909/riu0432]

BiomarkersOveractive bladderUrinary proteinsNerve growth factor

Urinary retentionView Articles
Urinary tractView Articles

Volume 23, Number 2Bladder Cancer

Integrating JELMYTO (Mitomycin) for Pyelocalyceal Solution Into Community Practice: Practical Tips for the Urologist

Michael J. ShannonSandip M. Prasad

Treatment options for upper-tract urothelial carcinoma are based on whether the patient has high-risk or low-risk disease. Low-grade tumors can be managed with nephron-sparing approaches, including ureteroscopic resection and ablation, although most patients undergoing endoscopic treatment of upper-tract urothelial cancers face a risk of recurrence. Mitomycin gel for pyelocalyceal solution provides an effective alternative therapy. In OLYMPUS, a phase 3, single-arm, open-label study, 58% of patients with low-grade disease experienced a complete response to induction therapy at 3 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an estimated 12-month durable response rate of 82%. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were ureteric stenosis, urinary tract infection, hematuria, and flank pain (grade <3). Mitomycin gel offers a novel, kidney-sparing, nonoperative approach to managing low-grade upper-tract urothelial carcinoma.

MitomycinUrologyDrug therapyUrinary tractCarcinomaUrologic neoplasmsurinary bladder neoplasms

Urinary tract infectionView Articles
Urinary tract infection (UTI)View Articles
Urinary tract infectionsView Articles
Urine cytologyView Articles
UrinomaView Articles
UrodynamicView Articles
Urodynamic stress incontinenceView Articles

Volume 17, Number 2Review Articles

Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Mixed Urinary Incontinence in Women

Diagnosis and Treatment Update

Steven A KaplanLeanna LaorClaire DunphyRichard LeeBilal ChughtaiAlexis E Te

Mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) is a common clinical problem in the community and hospital setting. The broad definition of the term makes it difficult to diagnose, as well as determine effective treatment strategies. There are no current guidelines recommended for physicians. The estimated prevalence of this condition is approximately 30% in all women with incontinence. It has also been suggested that patients with MUI report more bothersome symptoms than either stress or urge incontinence; approximately 32% of 40- to 64-year-olds with MUI report symptoms of depression. The authors examine the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of patients with MUI. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(2):78-83 doi: 10.3909/riu0653] © 2015 MedReviews®, LLC

Mixed urinary incontinenceDetrusor overactivityStress incontinenceUrge incontinenceUrodynamic stress incontinencePelvic organ prolapseTransvaginal tape

Urodynamic studiesView Articles
UrodynamicsView Articles
UroflowView Articles
UroflowmetryView Articles
Urogenital diaphragmView Articles
Urogenital tuberculosisView Articles

Volume 13, Number 3Case Review

An Unusual Presentation of Primary Male Genital Tuberculosis

Imane KamaouiMohamed AmineBrahim EddafaliA Ibn SellamZakaria DahamiSaid Mohamed MoudouniIsmail Sarf

Urogenital tuberculosis is a rare disease; however, it is the second most common location for tuberculosis after the lung. Currently, incidence of urogenital tuberculosis is increasing due to factors such as a higher prevalence of immunosuppression (especially that caused by human immunodeficiency virus infection) and drug abuse. Herein a new case of male genital primary tuberculosis is reported presenting as a scrotal tumor; the originality of this observation lies in its unusual pseudotumor form. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(3):176-178 doi: 10.3909/riu0525] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Urogenital tuberculosisEpididymal tuberculosisMale genital tuberculosis

UrogynecologyView Articles
UrokinaseView Articles
UrolithiasisView Articles
Urologic applications of 3D printingView Articles

Volume 17, Number 1Review Articles

3D Printing and Its Urologic Applications

Technology Update

3D printing is the development of 3D objects via an additive process in which successive layers of material are applied under computer control. This article discusses 3D printing, with an emphasis on its historical context and its potential use in the field of urology. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(1):20-24 doi: 10.3909/riu0656] © 2015 MedReviews®, LLC

3D printingMedical applications of 3D printingUrologic applications of 3D printing

Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndromesView Articles
urologic diseasesView Articles

Volume 23, Number 4Business of Urology

Outpatient Urological Surgery: Outcomes and Cost by Site of Service in Community Practice

Robert A. DowlingJinghan ZhangSong ZhangEvan R GoldfischerDavid M. Albala

Urologic surgery is most commonly performed in 1 of 3 ambulatory settings—a physician office, a hospital outpatient setting, or an ambulatory surgery center—but differences in value among these settings are poorly understood. This study examines real-world practice patterns of community urologists and documents outcomes and costs for a set of common urologic procedures performed in outpatient settings.

Physician practice patternsAmbulatory surgical proceduresurologic diseasesambulatory care

Urologic neoplasmsView Articles

Volume 23, Number 2Bladder Cancer

Integrating JELMYTO (Mitomycin) for Pyelocalyceal Solution Into Community Practice: Practical Tips for the Urologist

Michael J. ShannonSandip M. Prasad

Treatment options for upper-tract urothelial carcinoma are based on whether the patient has high-risk or low-risk disease. Low-grade tumors can be managed with nephron-sparing approaches, including ureteroscopic resection and ablation, although most patients undergoing endoscopic treatment of upper-tract urothelial cancers face a risk of recurrence. Mitomycin gel for pyelocalyceal solution provides an effective alternative therapy. In OLYMPUS, a phase 3, single-arm, open-label study, 58% of patients with low-grade disease experienced a complete response to induction therapy at 3 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an estimated 12-month durable response rate of 82%. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were ureteric stenosis, urinary tract infection, hematuria, and flank pain (grade <3). Mitomycin gel offers a novel, kidney-sparing, nonoperative approach to managing low-grade upper-tract urothelial carcinoma.

MitomycinUrologyDrug therapyUrinary tractCarcinomaUrologic neoplasmsurinary bladder neoplasms

Urologic oncologyView Articles
Urologic practiceView Articles

Volume 16, Number 3Review Articles

The Emerging Role of Social Media in Urology

Technology Update

Michael J Leveridge

Social media have become so integrated into modern communications as to be universal in our personal and, increasingly, professional lives. Recent examples of social media uptake in urology, and the emergence of data to quantify it, reveal the expansion of conventional communication routes beyond the in-person forum. In every domain of urologic practice, from patient interaction through research to continuing professional development, the move online has unlocked another layer of conversation, dissemination, and, indeed, caveats. Social media have a democratizing effect, placing patients, trainees, practitioners, and thought leaders in the same arena and on equal footing. If uptake of social media in medicine even remotely parallels its rise to ubiquity in other areas, it will only expand and evolve in the coming years. For these reasons, this article presents an overview of the most recent data on the impact and potential complications of social media usage in the urologic community. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(3):110-117 doi: 10.3909/riu0640] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Social mediaUrologic practiceEducationContinuing professional developmentResearch

Urologic surgeryView Articles

Volume 15, Number 4Review Articles

Anesthetic Challenges in Robotic-assisted Urologic Surgery

Management Review

Richard L HsuAlan D KayeRichard D Urman

Robotic-assisted surgery has evolved over the past two decades with constantly improving technology, assisting surgeons in multiple subspecialty disciplines. The surgical requirements of lithotomy and steep Trendelenburg positions, along with the creation of a pneumoperitoneum and limited access to the patient, all present anesthetic management challenges in urologic surgery. Patient positioning requirements can cause significant physiologic effects and may result in many complications. Good communication among team members and knowledge of the nuances of robotic surgery have the potential to improve patient outcomes, increase efficiency, and reduce surgical and anesthetic complications. [Rev Urol. 2013;15(4):178-184 doi: 10.3909/riu0589] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Robotic surgeryUrologic surgeryAnesthesia complicationsPneumoperitoneumPeripheral nerve injuryPatient positioning

Urologic surgical proceduresView Articles

Volume 17, Number 1Original Research

Hemostasis During Urologic Surgery: Fibrin Sealant Compared With Absorbable Hemostat

David M. AlbalaJerome B RiebmanRichard KocharianBogdan IlieJohn AlbaneseJessica ShenLiza OvingtonJonathan Batiller

In the United States, fibrin sealants have been used to achieve hemostasis for nearly two decades. Although their clinical utility was first demonstrated in cardiac surgery, their effectiveness and safety have since been demonstrated to extend to a wide array of procedures. Fibrin sealants typically contain two components&mdash;fibrinogen and thrombin&mdash;that are combined and delivered simultaneously to a target bleeding site in order to achieve hemostasis. However, many commercial formulations contain other additional components, such as antifibrinolytic agents, that have been associated with adverse outcomes. This subanalysis compares the safety and effectiveness of a fibrin sealant versus an absorbable hemostat for achieving hemostasis during urologic procedures with mild to moderate bleeding. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(1):25-30 doi: 10.3909/ricm0647] © 2015 MedReviews®, LLC

BleedingHemostasisHemostaticsFibrin tissue adhesiveUrologic surgical proceduresSurgical technique