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Directory of Authors from the Journal and their last article.

Hyung L KimView Articles
I GalanakisView Articles

Volume 13, Number 3Review Articles

A Review of Current Hemostatic Agents and Tissue Sealants Used in Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy

Treatment Review

I GalanakisN VasdevN Soomro

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is currently considered to be one of the most challenging procedures in minimally invasive urological surgery. With an increasing number of renal tumors being managed using LPN, there is now a further interest in the development of techniques and agents to reduce complications associated with the procedure. Hemostasis is of paramount importance during LPN, and hemostatic agents and tissue sealants are now being used commonly during LPN. Despite this, there is a dearth of prospective, randomized, human trials in current literature that compare the various agents. This review evaluates hemostatic agents and tissue sealants being used during LPN as an adjuvant to suturing in human studies. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(3):131-138 doi: 10.3909/riu0524] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomyRenal tumorsHemostatic agentsTissue sealantsSuturing adjuvant

Ibrahim KhilfehView Articles

Volume 23, Number 2Prostate Cancer

Real-World Comparison of Deep Prostate-Specific Antigen Response in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated With Apalutamide or Enzalutamide

Benjamin H. LowentrittIbrahim KhilfehDominic PilonShawn DuCarmine RossiFrederic KinkeadLilian DiazJill KorsiakPatrick LefebvreGordon A Brown

Deep prostate-specific antigen reduction of at least 90% (PSA90 response) after androgen receptor pathway inhibitor initiation to treat metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) is associated with longer survival. This real-world study evaluated the proportion of androgen receptor pathway inhibitor–naive patients with mCSPC who achieved PSA90 response 6 months after initiating apalutamide or enzalutamide.

Prostatic neoplasmsProstate-specific antigen (PSA)Prostate-specific antigenProstate-specific antigensCastrationAndrogen receptorAndrogen receptor antagoniststreatment effectiveness

Ilya GorbachinskyView Articles

Volume 12, Number 4Review Articles

Metabolic Syndrome and Urologic Diseases

Mangement Review

Haluk AkpinarIlya Gorbachinsky

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex entity consisting of multiple interrelated factors including insulin resistance, central adiposity, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic disease, low-grade inflammation, and in males, low testosterone levels. MetS has been linked to a number of urologic diseases including nephrolithiasis, benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile dysfunction, male infertility, female incontinence, and prostate cancer. This article reviews the relationships between MetS and these entities. Urologists need to be cognizant of the impact that MetS has on urologic diseases as well as on overall patient health.[Rev Urol. 2010;12(4):e157-e180 doi: 10.3909/riu0487]© 2010 MedReviews®, LLC

ObesityMetabolic syndromeBenign prostatic hyperplasiaNephrolithiasisHypogonadismCardiovascular diseaseInsulin resistanceEndothelial dysfunction

Imane KamaouiView Articles

Volume 9, Number 1Reviews in Urology

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Case Review

Imane KamaouiAfaf AmartiSanae BennisLaila ChbaniHinde El FatemiTaoufik HarmouchFadl TaziKaoutar Znati

A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an unusual spindle cell neoplasm that usually occurs in the pleura but has recently been described in diverse extrapleural sites. Urogenital localization is rare, and only 19 cases of SFT of the kidney have been described. We report a case of a large SFT clinically thought to be renal cell carcinoma arising in the kidney of a 70-year-old man. The tumor was well circumscribed and composed of a mixture of spindle cells and dense collagenous bands, with areas of necrosis or cystic changes noted macroscopically and microscopically. Immunohistochemical studies revealed reactivity for CD34, CD99, and Bcl-2 protein, with no staining for keratin, S-100 protein, or muscle markers, confirming the diagnosis of SFT. This tumor is benign in up to 90% of cases. The immunohistochemical study is the key to diagnosis. [Rev Urol. 2007;9(1):36-40]

KidneyImmunohistochemical studyRenal neoplasmSpindle cells

Ina W KimView Articles

Volume 15, Number 4Case Review

47,XYY Syndrome and Male Infertility

Edmund S SabaneghIna W KimArjun C KhadilkarEdmund Y Ko

Men with 47,XYY syndrome present with varying physical attributes and degrees of infertility. A retrospective chart review was performed on a male infertility and genetic anomaly database. Three patients with 47,XYY were found. Each presented with . 2 years of infertility. All were tall with elevated body mass indices. Scrotal findings ranged from normal to atrophic testicles. Semen analyses demonstrated oligospermia and varying endocrine profiles. Because of the diverse phenotype and potential lack of symptoms, identification and diagnosis of men with 47,XYY syndrome may be difficult. We recommend careful screening of 47,XYY patients and referral to primary physicians for long-term follow-up for increased incidence of health-related comorbidities. [Rev Urol. 2013;15(4):188-196 doi: 10.3909/riu0580] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

XYY syndromeInfertility syndromes

Inderbir S GillView Articles
Indraneel BanerjeeView Articles

Volume 19, Number 1Case Review

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Presenting as a Type IV Renal Cyst

Bosniak class IV renal cyst • Radical nephrectomy • Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

Sher Singh YadavIndraneel BanerjeeVinay TomarNachiket VyasShyam Talreja

A 20-year-old woman presented to our outpatient clinic with a 5-week history of recurrent right lumbar back pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a Bosniak class IV renal cyst. She was treated with radical nephrectomy. Histopathology revealed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(1):60-63 doi: 10.3909/riu0715] © 2017 MedReviews®, LLC

Radical nephrectomyBosniak class IV renal cystXanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

Inger L RosnerView Articles

Volume 8, Supplement 1Review Articles

The Emergence of Radioimmunoscintigraphy for Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer Imaging

David G McLeodThomas E KeaneInger L RosnerM Scott Wingo

The ability to label tissue-specific antibodies has long been of interest for improving detection and guidance for therapeutic applications. The most studied target for prostate cancer is the prostate-specific membrane antigen, which is upregulated in prostate cancer, hormone-refractive disease, and prostate cancer metastases. Investigations using radioimmunoscintigraphy with the radiolabeled 7E11 antibody capromab pendetide have significantly improved sensitivity for prostate cancer detection compared with standard cross-sectional imaging, based on tissue confirmation of pathologic results. Over the past 5 years, significantly greater image resolution from improved camera technology and the use of co-registration to fuse functional and anatomic (computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) images have dramatically enhanced prostate cancer localization. Outcomes data from several sources have spurred a resurgence in interest in this imaging modality. [Rev Urol. 2006;8(suppl 1):S20-S28]

Prostate cancerProstaScintProstate-specific membrane antigenRadioimmunoscintigraphyCapromab pendetideImage co-registrationLymph node metastasis

Irene ParaboschiView Articles

Volume 19, Number 4Case Review

Cycling Trauma as a Cause of Arterial Priapism in Children and Teenagers

Aldo Franco De RoseIrene ParaboschiGuglielmo ManticaAlexander SzpytkoHilgard AckermannGiovanni De CaroCarlo TerroneGirolamo Mattioli

Bicycle riding has multiple beneficial cardiovascular effects; however, it is a well-documented source of significant urologic injuries. Priapism is a rare condition in children, and occurs primarily because of congenital hematologic diseases or adverse drug reactions. A pediatric clinical case and literature review of a high-flow priapism secondary to cycling trauma is described here to highlight their etiopathologic correlation. Bicycle riding trauma is a rare but possible cause of high-flow priapism in children, and a high index of suspicion should ensure appropriate management. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(4):273–277 doi: 10.3909/riu0768] © 2018 MedReviews®, LLC

PediatricTraumaPriapismCycling

Isaac Yi KimView Articles
Isiah HarrisView Articles

Volume 13, Number 4Review Articles

Fertility and the Aging Male

Condition Review

Randall B MeachamIsiah HarrisCarolyn FronczakLauren Roth

In the United States since 1980, the birth rate in women aged > 35 years has increased by nearly 60%, whereas the birth rate for women aged 20 to 34 years has increased by only 10%. The trend in parenthood at an older age has also been seen in men. Since 1980, the fertility rate for men in their 30s has increased by 21% and for men aged 40 years and older, the rate has increased nearly 30%. In contrast, the fertility rate in men younger than age 30 years has decreased by 15%. Age-related infertility will continue to be a problem. A basic understanding of the issues is critical for health care professionals so that they can effectively counsel patients who are considering a delay in childbearing for social reasons or for those seeking fertility treatments. This review details the changes in fertility seen in the aging male. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4):e184-e190 doi: 10.3909/riu0538] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Aging maleFertilityMiscarriage ratesAge-related infertility

Isla GarrawayView Articles
Ismail SarfView Articles

Volume 13, Number 3Case Review

An Unusual Presentation of Primary Male Genital Tuberculosis

Imane KamaouiMohamed AmineBrahim EddafaliA Ibn SellamZakaria DahamiSaid Mohamed MoudouniIsmail Sarf

Urogenital tuberculosis is a rare disease; however, it is the second most common location for tuberculosis after the lung. Currently, incidence of urogenital tuberculosis is increasing due to factors such as a higher prevalence of immunosuppression (especially that caused by human immunodeficiency virus infection) and drug abuse. Herein a new case of male genital primary tuberculosis is reported presenting as a scrotal tumor; the originality of this observation lies in its unusual pseudotumor form. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(3):176-178 doi: 10.3909/riu0525] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Urogenital tuberculosisEpididymal tuberculosisMale genital tuberculosis

Ivelina HristovaView Articles

Volume 20, Number 2Original Research

Prostate Biopsy Characteristics: A Comparison Between the Pre- and Post-2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) Prostate Cancer Screening Guidelines

Navin ShahVladimir IoffeThomas HuebnerIvelina Hristova

To compare prostate cancer (PCa) characteristics diagnosed by prostate biopsy (Pbx) in the 3 years before and after the 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for PCa screening, we completed a retrospective comparative analysis of 402 sequential PCa patients diagnosed from 2010 to 2012 (3 years) with 552 PCa patients diagnosed from 2015 to 2017 (3 years). Data was collected on patient age, race, total number of biopsies performed, prostate specific antigen (PSA), Gleason sum score (GSS), and digital rectal examination (DRE). The data was analyzed to determine whether the 2012 USPSTF screening recommendations affected PCa characteristics. Two study groups were defined, Group A and Group B, prior to and after the 2012 USPSTF screening recommendations, respectively. In Group A (pre- 2012 USPSTF recommendations), 567 patients/year underwent a Pbx versus Group B, 398 patients/year, a 30% reduction post-USPSTF. The annual positive Pbx rate for Group A is 134/year versus Group B 184/year, a 37.3% increase post-USPSTF. Group A had high-grade PCa (GSS 7-10) in 51.5% versus Group B in 60.1%, an 8.6% increase post-USPSTF. In Group B, the total number of positive biopsies was increased by 100%. This study shows that in Group B, the Pbx rate decreased by 30% but the annual PCa detection rate increased by 37%. High-grade GSS (7-10) PCa increased by 8.6%. Despite a reduction in the total number of prostate biopsies by 30%, there was a 100% increase in the total number of positive prostate biopsies. [Rev Urol. 2018;20(2):77–83 doi: 10.3909/riu0793] © 2018 MedReviews®, LLC

Prostate cancerUnited States Preventive Services Task ForcePSA screening

Izak FaienaView Articles

Volume 17, Number 3Review Articles

Conservative Management of Urinary Incontinence in Women

Izak FaienaNeal PatelJaspreet S PariharMarc CalabreseHari Tunuguntla

Urinary incontinence in women has a high prevalence and causes significant morbidity. Given that urinary incontinence is not generally a progressive disease, conservative therapies play an integral part in the management of these patients. We conducted a nonsystematic review of the literature to identify high-quality studies that evaluated the different components of conservative management of stress urinary incontinence, including behavioral therapy, bladder training, pelvic floor muscle training, lifestyle changes, mechanical devices, vaginal cones, and electrical stimulation. Urinary incontinence can have a severe impact on our healthcare system and patients’ quality of life. There are currently a wide variety of treatment options for these patients, ranging from conservative treatment to surgical treatment. Although further research is required in the area of conservative therapies, nonsurgical treatments are effective and are preferred by some patients. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(3):129-139 doi: 10.3909/riu0651] © 2015 MedReviews®, LLC

Urinary incontinenceWomenConservative management

Izumi KamoView Articles
J Brantley ThrasherView Articles
J Chandra SinghView Articles

Volume 19, Number 2Case Review

Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis With Venous Tumor Thrombus

Onkar SinghArun Jacob Phillip GeorgeJ Chandra SinghAntony Devasia

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy that results in venous tumor thrombosis. Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis with renal or vena cava thrombus is extremely rare. Fewer than 40 cases have been reported. We report a similar case of a patient who underwent radical nephrectomy with a preoperative diagnosis of RCC. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(2):145–148 doi: 10.3909/riu0743] © 2017 MedReviews®, LLC

Urothelial carcinomaTransitional cell carcinomaKidneyInferior vena cavaThrombus

J Curtis NickelView Articles