Review ArticlesChanging Patterns in Iatrogenic Ureteral InjuriesTreatment ReviewJohn Smith IIIHaluk AkpinarVictoriano RomeroDean G AssimosAdvances in laparoscopic and endoscopic surgery over the past 25 years have changed the preferred methods for performing many operations. We previously reported an increase in the number of patients treated for ureteral injury at our institution that paralleled the introduction of minimally invasive techniques. Since that report, more advanced endoscopic procedures have been introduced. We sought to determine whether the latter influenced the number of ureteral injuries managed at our institution. Reported here are the results of our retrospective study, which sought to determine if the rate of treatment of major iatrogenic ureteral injuries has changed. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4): e179-e183 doi: 10.3909/riu0537] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLCUreteroscopyUreteral injuryLaparoscopic cholecystectomyProximal ureterRenal salvage
Review ArticlesFertility and the Aging MaleCondition ReviewLauren RothCarolyn FronczakIsiah HarrisRandall B MeachamIn the United States since 1980, the birth rate in women aged > 35 years has increased by nearly 60%, whereas the birth rate for women aged 20 to 34 years has increased by only 10%. The trend in parenthood at an older age has also been seen in men. Since 1980, the fertility rate for men in their 30s has increased by 21% and for men aged 40 years and older, the rate has increased nearly 30%. In contrast, the fertility rate in men younger than age 30 years has decreased by 15%. Age-related infertility will continue to be a problem. A basic understanding of the issues is critical for health care professionals so that they can effectively counsel patients who are considering a delay in childbearing for social reasons or for those seeking fertility treatments. This review details the changes in fertility seen in the aging male. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4):e184-e190 doi: 10.3909/riu0538] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLCAging maleFertilityMiscarriage ratesAge-related infertility
Review ArticlesReview of the Literature: PCA3 for Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment and PrognosticationDiagnosis ReviewStacy LoebAlan W PartinProstate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) is a novel urine-based prostate cancer biomarker that has recently been studied extensively for the prediction of prostate biopsy results and treatment outcomes. Numerous studies have demonstrated that urinary PCA3 scores are predictive of prostate cancer detection on both initial and repeat biopsy. There is conflicting evidence on the relationship between PCA3 with aggressive tumor features and treatment outcomes. This article reviews the current evidence on PCA3 as a marker for prostate cancer detection and prognosis. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4):e191-e195 doi: 10.3909/riu0539] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLCProstate cancerProstatectomyProstate cancer antigen 3Risk assessment
Review ArticlesA Review of Focal Therapy Techniques in Prostate Cancer: Clinical Results for High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound and Focal CryoablationTreatment ReviewMichael PaleseNihal MohamedColin IbertiThe advancement of focal therapy technology for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) is emerging as an option for a middle ground between radical therapies and active surveillance for individuals identified with localized, low-grade PCa. Two promising techniques are high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and focal cryoablation. Both focal cryoablation and HIFU show promise, but additional prospective trials are necessary before any definitive conclusions can be made on either method’s viability. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4):e196-e202 doi: 10.3909/riu0540] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLCProstate cancerHigh-intensity focused ultrasoundFocal cryoablation
Case ReviewBenign Paratesticular Fibrous Pseudotumor With Malignant Clinical FeaturesElmehdi TaziMohamed Fadl TaziMoulay Hassan FarihMohamed Jamal El FassiYounes AhallalAbdelhak KhalloukParatesticular tumors are rare intrascrotal masses that grow mainly in structures containing connective tissue around the testis, epididymis, or spermatic cord. We report here on a case of a 55-year-old man with a mass in the hemiscrotum that was found to be a paratesticular fibrous pseudotumor in the orchiectomy specimen pathologic examination. From this case report and literature review, a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy is demonstrated for the management of this uncommon lesion. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4):e203-e205 doi: 10.3909/riu0509] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLCParatesticular fibrous pseudotumorEpididymisSpermatic cord