Volume 11, Number 4Case ReviewConcurrent Bilateral Renal Angiomyolipoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Patient With Tuberous Sclerosis ComplexAbdelhak KhalloukYounes AhallalMohamed Jamal El FassiMohamed Fadl TaziSoufiane MellasMbarek DoublaliRenal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are often associated with tuberous sclerosis. These tumors are predominantly benign, although malignant forms do exist and are known to be associated with renal cell carcinoma. This case report describes a patient with tuberous sclerosis and massive bilateral AML. Total right nephrectomy was performed; histopathologic examination revealed the coexistence of AML and clear cell renal carcinoma in the same kidney. Because differentiation between renal cell carcinoma and AML with minimal or no fat component can be difficult, an accurate diagnosis is critical in the management of renal AML.[Rev Urol. 2009;11(4):216-218 doi: 10.3909/riu0436]© 2009 MedReviews®, LLCRenal cell carcinomaAngiomyolipomaTuberous sclerosis