Volume 12, Number 3Case ReviewRisk Factor Analysis and Management of Ureteral Double-J Stent ComplicationsCase ReviewAbdelhak KhalloukYounes AhallalMohamed Jamal El FassiMoulay Hassan FarihDouble-J ureteral stents are commonly used to manage urinary obstructions. Pain, bladder irritative symptoms, and fever are usually signs of early complications related to double-J stents; late complications are more troublesome. We review 4 cases that highlight a variety of late complications with double- J stents (encrustation, migration, and fragmentation). Following a review of the literature, guidelines are established for monitoring potential risk factors as well as management strategies for prevention of possible complications when using double-J stents. [Rev Urol. 2010;12(2/3):e147-e151 doi:10.3909/riu0447]Double-J stentExtracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyStent migrationFragmentationEncrustation