Volume 15, Number 4Review ArticlesThe Use of In Vitro Fertilization in the Management of Male Infertility: What the Urologist Needs to KnowManagement ReviewRandall B MeachamSahar M StephensDaniel M ArnettInfertility affects approximately 10% to 20% of reproductive-age couples, many of whom may present initially to a urologist. Some couples may be treated medically to increase spontaneous conception rates; however, many will require more aggressive management with in vitro fertilization (IVF) and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). IVF involves ovarian stimulation, oocyte retrieval, and fertilization outside of the body; ICSI involves injecting one sperm into the oocyte to promote fertilization. Here we provide a brief overview of IVF and ICSI along with a discussion of the risks involved to facilitate the counseling and care of the infertile couple. [Rev Urol. 2013;15(4):154-160 doi: 10.3909/riu0588] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLCMale infertilityIn vitro fertilizationIntracytoplasmic sperm injection