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Combination therapy

All articles from this key word are listed below.

Volume 8, Supplement 4 Review Articles

Update on the American Urological Association Guidelines for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Advances in Alpha-Blocker Therapy in the Management of Urological Disorders

Steven A Kaplan

The updated 2003 American Urological Association (AUA) Guidelines for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are the culmination of an exhaustive effort predicated on scientifically accepted methods of reviewing the medical literature. In this second publication of the guidelines, a multidisciplinary panel reviewed a new meta-analysis of outcome data from the BPH literature from before and after 1994. The major differences between the 2 guidelines are the changes in our understanding of the biology of the prostate and the introduction of new therapies. The vast majority of randomized controlled trials, particularly with respect to minimally invasive therapies and progression of BPH, were performed after the release of the 1994 guidelines. Also, the most recent AUA panel carefully reviewed unpublished data to make the guidelines as timely as possible. Studies that were subsequently published included those on the value of combination medical therapy for BPH. The panel agreed on updated recommendations for the treatment of moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH, and diagnostic algorithms were revised. The durability and utility of the present guidelines should exceed that of its predecessor. [Rev Urol. 2006;8(suppl 4):S10-S17]

Benign prostatic hyperplasia Lower urinary tract symptoms Combination therapy 5-reductase inhibitors AUA Guidelines AUA Symptom Scores

Volume 9, Number 4 Review Articles

Extending the Rationale of Combination Therapy to Unresponsive Erectile Dysfunction

Treatment Update

Rajeev Kumar Ajay Nehra Diedre Nienow Christopher Reece

Combination therapies aim to overcome the limitations of individual drugs by selecting diverse targets of action to enhance effectiveness synergistically. This article reviews the principles of combination therapy and its applications for benign prostatic hyperplasia and overactive bladder. It then examines pathophysiological, pharmacological, and clinical evidence for currently available drug and device combinations for erectile dysfunction that has not responded to first-line, single-agent therapy. [Rev Urol. 2007;9(4):197-206]

Benign prostatic hyperplasia Overactive bladder Erectile dysfunction Combination therapy Intracavernosal therapy Intraurethral therapy

Volume 11, Supplement 1 Review Articles

Medical Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

Advances in the Pharmacologic Treatment of BPH

Eric E Laborde Kevin T McVary

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common complaint among aging men and are often caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A number of medical treatments for LUTS/BPH exist, such as α-blockers, 5α-reductase inhibitors, anticholinergics, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, and combination therapies. Agonist binding of the α1A-adrenergic receptor (AR), causing prostatic smooth muscle contraction, has been attributed to cause some LUTS. Therefore, medical therapy has aimed to block the α1A-AR and improve LUTS. Determining which therapy to choose must take into account individual patient factors as well as cost and patient choice.[Rev Urol. 2009;11(suppl 1):S19–S25 doi: 10.3909/riu11S1S0004]© 2009 MedReviews®, LLC

Lower urinary tract symptoms Phosphodiesterase Combination therapy Blockers 5-reductase inhibitors Anticholinergics Benign prostatichyperplasia

Volume 16, Number 3 Review Articles

The Rationale for Optimal Combination Therapy With Sipuleucel-T for Patients With Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Treatment Review

Neal D Shore Raoul S Concepcion Christopher M Pieczonka Vladimir Mouraviev Neil Mariados Robert B Sims Mark Emberton

Immunotherapy encourages the recipient’s own immune response to destroy cancer cells, and current evidence suggests that immunotherapies may be most beneficial in early metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Sipuleucel-T is the first therapeutic cancer vaccine to be approved by both the US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency for the treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC. Combining immunotherapy with other treatments may have potent anticancer effects; cytoreductive therapies can release tumor antigens and promote a proinflammatory environment that could augment immunotherapies. However, some cytoreductive agents or coadministered drugs may be immunosuppressive. Understanding these interactions between different mCRPC treatment modalities may offer further potential to improve patient outcomes. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(3):122-130 doi: 10.3909/riu0637] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Prostate cancer Sipuleucel-T Combination therapy