Volume 20, Number 2Review ArticlesInfertility in Patients With Klinefelter Syndrome: Optimal Timing for Sperm and Testicular Tissue CryopreservationManagement UpdateDorota J HawksworthApril A SzafranPhilip W JordanAdrian S DobsAmin S HeratiMale factor infertility is a complex issue presenting many diagnostic and management challenges. It is responsible for about 50% of all causes of infertility and thus carries significant medical, financial, and psychological implications for the couples struggling with conception. Klinefelter syndrome is the most common chromosomal male anomaly associated with male infertility. This review focuses specifically on non-obstructive azoospermia secondary to Klinefelter syndrome and discusses controversies surrounding fertility management in patients with this genetic disorder. [Rev Urol. 2018;20(2):56–62 doi: 10.3909/riu0790] © 2018 MedReviews®, LLCKlinefelter syndromeNon-obstructive azoospermiaSperm retrieval