Volume 15, Number 3Review ArticlesThe Case for Hypofractionation of Localized Prostate CancerSystematic ReviewWinnifred M WongKent E WallnerAn optimal treatment regimen for localized prostate cancer (PCa) is yet to be determined. Increasing evidence reveals a lower a/b ratio for PCa with hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT) regimens introduced to exploit this change in therapeutic ratio. HFRT also results in shortened overall treatment times of 4 to 5 weeks, thus reducing staffing and machine burden, and, more importantly, patient stress. This review evaluates pretreatment characteristics, outcomes, and toxicity for 15 HFRT studies on localized PCa. HFRT results in comparable or better biochemical relapse-free survival and toxicity and is a viable option for localized PCa. [Rev Urol. 2013;15(3):113-117 doi: 10.3909/riu0582] © 2013 MedReviews®, LLCLocalized prostate cancerHypofractionationShort-course radiotherapyDose escalation