Volume 8, Supplement 2Review ArticlesTreatment of Localized Prostate Cancer16th International Prostate Cancer UpdateE David CrawfordBulent AkdumanThis article provides an overview of treatment of localized prostate cancer, which was discussed in detail in the second scientific session of the 16th International Prostate Cancer Update. The role of radical prostatectomy in localized disease was presented by Bob Djavan, MD. Benefits and risks of radical prostatectomy were addressed by Gerald Chodak, MD. Robert E. Donohue, MD, presented the role of radical prostatectomy in Gleason grade 8, 9, and 10 tumors. Impact of positive margins on outcomes after radical prostatectomy was presented by James A. Eastham, MD. E. David Crawford, MD, provided an overview of the role of targeted therapy. Indications and results of brachytherapy were presented by Mack Roach, III, MD. Finally, Michael J. Manyak, MD, described the evolution of radioimmunoscintigraphy and clinical outcomes data. [Rev Urol. 2006;8(suppl 2):S15-S21]Prostate cancerRadical prostatectomyTargeted therapyCryotherapyBrachytherapyLocalized disease