Volume 8, Number 2Review ArticlesErectile Function Outcomes in the Current Era of Anatomic Nerve-Sparing Radical ProstatectomyTherapeutic ChallengesArthur L BurnettThe contemporary use of anatomic nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy, which entails preserving the autonomic nerve supply to the penis required for penile erection, has led to improved erectile function outcomes compared with what has been seen historically. However, delay of postoperative recovery of erection for as long as 2 years is common, such that dysfunctional erection status lingers as a major postoperative problem. Several possible strategies to improve overall recovery rates and to hasten postoperative recovery of erectile function are currently being advanced. These include pharmacologic rehabilitation therapy and neuromodulatory therapy. Rigorous basic scientific investigation and clinical assessment of these new strategic approaches are critically important to establish their actual therapeutic benefits. [Rev Urol. 2006;8(2):47-53]Prostate cancerRadical prostatectomyErectile dysfunctionNeuromodulationPenile erection